SUBMIT INDIVIDUAL MULTICLASS ASSIGNMENT: Summary/Opinion memo final

This assignment is a joint assignment with the communications class. The additional requirements for your essay, which will be graded in this class. are as follows:

1. Include a discussion of the four elements of a causal relationship. Have the authors of the paper claimed causality? If so, what is/are the cause variables and what is/are the effect variables? In your opinion, have they established causality? Why or why not? What would the authors need to do, if anything, to make a justifiable causal claim?

2. Include a discussion of at least 4 elements of statistical conclusion validity. What validity concerns have been well addressed by this paper? What validity concerns remain?

3. Your paper must include the interpretation of at least one regression coefficient from the paper. What have we learned from the statistical model with regard to the relationship between at least one independent variable and one dependent variable?

4. Interpret at least one fit statistic (R2 value) from a statistical model. In your opinion. is this model explaining sufficient variation to be useful or reliable?

***Note:

If you are having a hard time figuring out where to start with this assignment, begin by looking at the results section of the paper. Identify a finding the authors discuss that refers to either Table 3 or Table 4. These findings are, most likely, interpreting regression coefficients. Consider just one of these findings. Then work through the questions above. Have they established causality for JUST THIS FINDING? What statistical conclusion validity threats have they addressed or not addressed? What did they find? (For this part, make sure that you know where the number came from in the table, and how they are interpreting it--be sure to understand the units of both the independent and dependent variable of interest). Interpret the R-squared value for just the model (column) of the finding you are looking at.